Growing Herbs Indoors with Artificial Light: Complete Guide

By Alex Assoune Jul 02, 2025

Growing herbs indoors allows for fresh flavor and natural healing right at your fingertips, even when outdoor conditions are harsh or inconsistent. But one major challenge indoor gardeners face is a lack of adequate sunlight—especially during the shorter days of winter or in homes with limited natural light. The solution? Artificial grow lights.

Whether you're starting seeds, maintaining a kitchen garden, or growing herbs year-round indoors, using the right kind of artificial light can help your plants thrive. In this comprehensive guide, you'll learn how to successfully grow herbs indoors using grow lights, from selecting the right light setup to choosing the best herbs for indoor cultivation.

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Why Grow Herbs Indoors with Artificial Light?

Here are the biggest benefits of growing herbs indoors using grow lights:

Year-round fresh herbs: Grow basil, mint, thyme, and more regardless of season or weather.
Controlled environment: Avoid pests, temperature swings, and inconsistent watering.
Space-efficient: Use kitchen counters, windowsills, or dedicated plant shelves.
Great for small homes or apartments: Even with no outdoor garden space.

But to succeed indoors, light is essential. Most herbs need at least 6–8 hours of full sun, and few windows provide that consistently. Artificial grow lights supplement or replace sunlight and ensure herbs get the energy they need to photosynthesize and grow.

How Do Grow Lights Work?

Grow lights mimic the sun’s natural light spectrum, providing the wavelengths that plants need most for photosynthesis—primarily in the blue and red spectrums. Blue light supports leafy growth, while red light promotes flowering and overall development.

Many full-spectrum LED lights combine both, supporting all stages of herb growth.

Types of Grow Lights for Indoor Herbs

There are several types of grow lights, each with pros and cons:

1. LED Grow Lights (Light-Emitting Diodes)

Best choice for herbs.
Energy-efficient, low heat output, long-lasting (up to 50,000 hours).
Available in full-spectrum options for balanced growth.
Ideal for compact spaces or shelf setups.

Example: Full-spectrum LED grow panels or strip lights.

2. Fluorescent Lights (CFL or T5/T8 Tubes)

Affordable and widely available.
Produce minimal heat, good for small herb setups.
T5 fixtures offer better intensity than CFL bulbs.
Slightly less efficient than LED, shorter lifespan.

Example: T5 High Output (HO) fixtures for seed-starting racks.

3. Incandescent Grow Bulbs

Not recommended for herbs.
Produce too much heat and not enough usable light.
Least efficient and shortest lifespan.

Verdict: For herbs, LED grow lights are ideal due to their energy efficiency, long life, and balanced light output.

Choosing the Right Grow Light Setup

Your ideal setup depends on space, budget, and how many herbs you want to grow.

Small-Scale: Countertop or Desk Setup

Light type: LED grow bulb in a clamp lamp or desktop grow light.
Best for: 2–4 herb plants (basil, thyme, chives, mint).
Tip: Keep light 6–12 inches above plant tops.

Medium-Scale: Shelf or Rack Garden

Light type: LED strip lights or T5 grow light bars.
Best for: 6–12 herbs on tiered shelving.
Tip: Use adjustable chains or shelves to modify light distance as plants grow.

Large-Scale: Indoor Garden Tower or Tent

Light type: LED grow panel with timer.
Best for: Serious indoor herb growers or urban gardeners.
Tip: Use reflective walls to maximize light coverage.

How Much Light Do Herbs Need?

Most culinary herbs need 12–16 hours of light per day to grow well indoors.

Here’s a quick guide:

Herb	Light Needs	Notes
Basil	14–16 hrs	Needs warmth too
Parsley	12–14 hrs	Slow grower but hardy
Cilantro	12–14 hrs	Cooler temps preferred
Thyme	12 hrs	Compact growth
Oregano	12–14 hrs	Full sun mimicry
Mint	12–14 hrs	Spreads fast
Chives	12 hrs	Great for windowsills
Sage	12 hrs	Likes good air flow

Use a timer to ensure consistent light cycles. Automating on/off times improves growth and saves you from having to remember daily.

Choosing the Best Herbs to Grow Indoors Under Lights

Some herbs adapt better than others to indoor environments. Start with these top-performing varieties:

1. Basil

Loves warmth and light.
Needs 14–16 hours of light and regular pruning.
Great for pesto, salads, and sauces.

2. Chives

Hardy and compact.
Mild onion flavor.
Excellent for eggs, soups, and garnishes.

3. Mint

Very adaptable and fast-growing.
Use in teas, desserts, and savory dishes.
Requires regular pruning to prevent crowding.

4. Parsley

Takes time to grow but does well with light.
Flat-leaf (Italian) or curly varieties.
Perfect for garnishing and flavoring soups.

5. Thyme

Small and evergreen.
Drought-tolerant and thrives with moderate light.
Great for roasts, vegetables, and marinades.

6. Oregano

Strong-flavored herb for Italian and Greek dishes.
Does well in warm, well-lit spaces.
Compact growth with regular harvesting.

7. Cilantro

Cool-season herb with delicate leaves.
Needs good drainage and moderate light.
Best for salsas, curries, and garnishes.

Planting and Growing Herbs Indoors with Lights

Follow these steps for a productive indoor herb garden:

1. Choose the Right Containers

Use pots with drainage holes.
4–6 inch containers are great for single plants.
Herb planters or trays with compartments work well for mixed herbs.

2. Use Quality Potting Soil

Choose organic potting mix, not garden soil.
Light, well-drained soil supports healthy roots.
Consider adding perlite or coconut coir for better aeration.

3. Water Wisely

Water when the top inch of soil feels dry.
Avoid overwatering—herbs dislike soggy roots.
Use saucers to catch excess water.

4. Feed Regularly

Use a balanced, organic liquid fertilizer every 2–4 weeks.
Indoor herbs may deplete nutrients faster due to confined soil.

5. Prune and Harvest Often

Regular harvesting encourages new growth.
Always cut with clean scissors just above a leaf node.
Don’t remove more than one-third of the plant at once.

Troubleshooting Common Problems

Even with artificial light, issues can arise. Here are some quick fixes:

Problem	Cause	Solution
Leggy growth	Light too far or insufficient	Lower light or increase hours
Yellowing leaves	Overwatering or poor drainage	Let soil dry out, repot if needed
Slow growth	Too little light or nutrients	Adjust light schedule, feed plant
Moldy soil	Poor airflow or excess humidity	Use a fan, reduce watering frequency

Advanced Tips for Success

Rotate plants weekly to encourage even growth under the light.
Use reflective surfaces like mylar or whiteboards to bounce light back.
Group herbs by needs—keep moisture-loving herbs (mint, parsley) separate from drought-tolerant types (thyme, rosemary).
Monitor temperature: Most herbs thrive between 65–75°F. Avoid drafts or heat vents.

Final Thoughts

You don’t need a sunny window or large garden to grow herbs. With artificial lights, you can enjoy a thriving indoor herb garden year-round, regardless of your space or season. Whether you want a few pots of basil and chives on your kitchen counter or a full shelf of diverse herbs, artificial lighting gives you the control and consistency to grow lush, flavorful herbs indoors.

Start small, invest in a good quality LED grow light, and watch your indoor garden transform. With a bit of care, you’ll never have to buy store-bought herbs again.

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About the Author: Alex Assoune

Alex Assoune (MS) is a global health and environmental advocate. He founded Panaprium to inspire others with conscious living, ethical, and sustainable fashion. Alex has worked in many countries to address social and environmental issues. He speaks three languages and holds two Master of Science degrees in Engineering from SIGMA and IFPEN schools.

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